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94 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
94 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Upgrade PostgreSQL in Docker"
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date: 2023-08-17T22:52:07+02:00
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draft: false
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tags: ["postgres", "postgresql", "docker", "upgrade", "self-hosting", "database"]
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# Keep them short
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summary: "Upgrading postgresql can't be done in-place, so here's a scripted version to help you do so."
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cover:
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image: "elephant.jpg"
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relative: true
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alt: "Trumpeting elephant"
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caption: "Trumpeting elephant (Muhammad Mahdi Karim, GFDL 1.2)"
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hidden: false # applies only on single view
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#showToc: true
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#TocOpen: false
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---
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Upgrading postgresql can't be done in-place, you have to setup a new DB with the expected version and restore your content in this DB.
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I had a few containers running older versions of postgres lying around (13 and 14), and I wanted to upgrade them to postgresql 15. Here's the script I came up with.
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{{< note class="warning" title="⚠️ Warning" >}}
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When handling production data, don't blindly run this as a script. Run each step manually and double-check that you aren't destroying anything.
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{{< /note >}}
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{{< note class="info" >}}
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This post is inspired by [Thomas Bandt's](https://thomasbandt.com/postgres-docker-major-version-upgrade), with some tweaks in the process, and less writing.
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{{< /note >}}
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```bash
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app_name="app"
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db_user="user"
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db_name="db"
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# Stop the running app(s)
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# to prevent modifications during the backup & restore
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docker compose stop $app_name
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# Dump DB & roles
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# I'm using custom scripts for this part in order to run
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# them regularly and export the backups.
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# Here's what they basically do.
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docker compose exec -it db \
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pg_dump -Fc -U $db_user $db_name > ./db_export/backup.dump
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docker compose exec -it db \
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pg_dumpall --globals-only -U $db_user > ./db_export/roles.sql
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# Shutdown everything
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docker compose down
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# Move current data dir, don't remove it yet
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mv db_data db_data_OLD
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# edit docker-compose.yaml - upgrade psql
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vim docker-compose.yaml
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# Up the new database & check version
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docker compose up -d db
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docker compose exec -it db psql -U $db_user -c 'select version();'
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# Restore roles
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# Skip for simple DB where only 1 user,
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# managed by the docker image, is used
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docker compose cp ./db_export/roles.sql db:/tmp/roles
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docker compose exec -it db psql -U $db_user -d $db_name -f /tmp/roles
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# Restore content
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docker compose cp ./db_export/backup.dump db:/tmp/backup
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docker compose exec -it db pg_restore -U $db_user -d $db_name /tmp/backup
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# Check if content is properly restored:
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# list tables, make a few queries
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docker compose exec -it db psql -U $db_user -d $db_name -c "\dt"
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# Launch app again
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docker compose up -d
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docker compose logs -ft
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# check app still works and has data
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# Finally remove the old data dir
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rm -rf db_data_OLD
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```
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If your database is not in a container, then [`pg_upgrade`](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgupgrade.html) may be a better option: faster, less hassle and doesn't require manually dumping and restoring.
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{{<unsafe>}}
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<small>
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Postgres, PostgreSQL and the Slonik Logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of the PostgreSQL Community Association of Canada, and used with their permission.
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</small>
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{{</unsafe>}}
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